This semester has been a bit more hectic than I expected, and keeping everything under control hasn’t been an easy task. But despite whatever challenges I face, I am determined to stay on top of the literature. I’ve written before about having a repertoire of reading strategies (quick skim to determine what a paper is about and whether it’s an important one or not, mid-range for when we’re doing literature reviews, annotated bibliographies or in-depth for when we’re preparing for comprehensives or writing a paper).
I do carve time to read every single day, because otherwise I’m not able to be on top of the literature (which I need to be). Last night, I live-tweeted my reading of a paper and that process made me consider writing a blog post on my strategy for when I’m pressed for time, which you can see in my tweets (click on the hyperlink on the time stamp of my first tweet to reveal the entire thread, or on this link).
This is how I keep up with the literature. I read at least one article a day (if possible, more than that). I just got this by @sallyroever pic.twitter.com/2aSdh98SBD
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
I received this paper via Twitter from the WIEGO (Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing) Twitter account. This group frequently publishes research in a field I work in: informal waste pickers. I know Sally Roever in person, I’ve read and love her work and we’ve met as well (we met and went for a coffee and a walk this year at ISA 2017 in Baltimore and we had a wonderful time).
ICYMI: New academic research explores #gender #livelihoods & coping strategies of #wastepickers in Africa & Latin America https://t.co/qr7GqsQTsX pic.twitter.com/J5w6t22v7k
— WIEGO (@WIEGOGLOBAL) December 4, 2017
When I know an author in person, and I know their work is relevant to my own research, I usually try to read whatever research they just published as soon as possible. So that’s what I did last night. In total, I spent 30 minutes because I paired my AIC Content Extraction Method with my Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump. I knew I was pressed for time (I go to bed at around 9:30pm every day so I can wake up at 4:00am and write), so I figured I couldn’t spend more than 1 hour in this paper. This is the process I followed:
Note how I stapled the printed copy, labeled it with a rigid plastic tab (last name, year), and highlighted/scribbled the abstract. pic.twitter.com/najoOHRNaH
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
My rule is to never leave anything “unprocessed” (see my protocol for the process that I use to go from downloading an article or a book chapter’s PDF to writing a full memorandum here).
My protocol is "never touch a document without giving it some kind of processing". Since I'm doing an AIC on this paper, and writing an Excel dump entry, I also need to clean up the reference in Mendeley pic.twitter.com/BC1ZrzjAjX
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
My goal for this paper, despite the fact that it’s really important to my work, was to simply read the Abstract, Introduction and Conclusion (AIC), highlight and scribble and find the main ideas, write an entry (a row) in my Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump for informal waste picking, and file in my “To Process” tray. This way, once I get everything that I need to finish this week out of the way, I’ll get back to reading this article in detail.
I've read, scribbled and highlighted the Abstract and the Introduction. Note how I include links to my own research and question the authors pic.twitter.com/IitCAEovIQ
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
To do an AIC, I usually read the Abstract first, then the Introduction, then the Conclusion. Because I knew that I didn’t have the time to write a full memorandum, to read the paper in detail, and even to write a synthetic note, I decided to write an entry in my informal waste pickers’ Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump. This is the very least I can do, and this allows me to know which articles are important to read and get back to.
Note how when I scribble on the margins and highlight I already can see repetition from the Intro and Abstract. I've reached saturation. pic.twitter.com/Z4ETFZTVM1
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
Even though I was reading, I also took the time to post my process on Twitter, and answer questions as I went along.
I print each and every article I read. Deciding the most important ones is hard, but I usually print those in areas where I'm doing research (informal waste picking, transnational environmental activism, water/wastewater governance, bottled water, policy transfer, comparative)
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
As I read the paper, I uploaded it on to Mendeley, cleaned up the reference, and typed the content of my scribbles on to a Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump row, as you can see below.
This is my Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump entry for the Ogando, Roever and Rogan 2017 article. This is the link to the article, BTW if anybody is interested (cc @kmoneill2530 @KateParizeau @rznagle @CarlZimring @JOziasReno) https://t.co/AoyVERCn8X Note that this took me 30 mins. pic.twitter.com/vNbO3Wlom9
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
It’s important to note that all I did was read Abstract, Introduction, Conclusion, scribble notes on the margin that help me understand and process the information in this paper, and highlight relevant passages in those three sections of the paper (which give me a good overview of the entire journal article), and then type these notes into a row in my Conceptual Synthesis Excel Dump. Because I know I’m going to have to come back to this paper, I don’t simply file it, but I locate it in my “Processing” tray (see my Four Trays Method for Filing and Organizing).
To ensure I don't forget to come back to this paper (which I judged is important for my research by doing an AIC) I file under "Processing" pic.twitter.com/WFWV779eSV
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
Once I’m done with a paper, I usually file it using a magazine holder (as I’ve outlined in this blog post).
As you can see, I have magazine holders for each topic I'm working on, or paper I've written. This one goes into the waste pickers' holder. pic.twitter.com/7L0G9dbDIh
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
For me, using this method ensures that
- (a) I stay on top of whatever newest research is being published
- (b) I carve time every day to read
- (c) I have notes for the paper and
- (d) I will come back to read this paper in more depth.
Overall, this entire process took me 30 minutes. I could notice the gaps in learning once I finished the AIC process: I could tell that I hadn’t read about the 4 cities, neither the introduction nor the conclusion had details about the case studies and specific insights but were more general. So I know for a fact I need to come back to this paper, but I’ll do that when I know I have more time, or when I have to write something on informal waste pickers. But at least I already have read some basic information off the paper, and I have an Excel dump entry to check and review.
Obviously, there are papers that are harder to read, therefore taking much more time. Walsh 2015 on mineral springs and primitive accumulation in Mexico, and Kaplan 2011 on drinking water fountains and water coolers both took me an entire week at about 20 minutes a day to finish reading them. These articles were DENSE and full with information. I had to take a few days to process them. But I read a little bit of each one every single day.
this paper for example is 20 single-space pages and reading in detail took me 2-3 hours (read a few pages, came back, rested) pic.twitter.com/KyQymIn9n3
— Dr Raul Pacheco-Vega (@raulpacheco) December 5, 2017
Hopefully this process will help my readers keep up with the literature! I know how hard it is with heavy teaching loads to stay on top of the literature (I am well aware that my previous 2-1-2 was not the worst – there are scholars who have 4-4 or even 5-5).
Hi Prof,
I have a question:
How do you end up filing your references? By date, topic relevance or
Thank you
or author*
Hi Samantha,
I file my references by topic as per my blog post here